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101.
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R. A. SHAKESBY C. J. CHAFER S. H. DOERR W. H. BLAKE P. WALLBRINK G. S. HUMPHREYS 《The Australian geographer》2003,34(2):147-175
Soil water repellency can enhance overland flow and erosion and may be altered by fire. The Christmas 2001 bushfires near Sydney allowed investigation of the relationship between fire severity, water repellency and hydrogeomorphological changes. For two sub-catchments with differences in fire severities in Nattai National Park, south-west of Sydney, this paper considers: (1) the links between fire severity based on SPOT image analysis and ground observation of fire severity and repellency; (2) the textural and organic/minerogenic characteristics of eroded sediment; and (3) erodibility, erosion and deposition of soils in both catchments. Ground surveys show that image analysis reflects well the degree of vegetation consumption by fire, but cannot adequately predict the degree of ground litter consumption, associated soil heating and repellency effects. Fire had varying effects on repellency, leaving it unchanged, destroying it or enhancing it, depending on the soil temperature reached. The main post-fire hydrogeomorphological changes have been widespread erosion and colluvial and alluvial deposition of topsoil in foot-slope locations and river systems, but only localised redistribution of the highly erodible, repellent sandy subsurface layer. The fire did not trigger major geomorphological change in the study area, but fires probably cause important topsoil and nutrient depletion and may also affect water quality. 相似文献
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目的 在于提请有关读者关注近年来关于图像重建的凸集投影算法的进展,这一重要的方法及应用。方法 主要讨论了基于正交投影和广义投影的算法。对基于正交投影的算法,并讨论了一般形式的加权松驰格式,这包含了分块格式和同时格式。并以三个定理报道有关的算法收敛性结果。结果 分别包含了相容和不相容条件和弱强收敛下的结果。对基于广义投影的算法,有关的基本概念和例子,基本算法的收敛性结果。结论 报道最近关于引入松弛系数的工作和在CT图像重建中的应用。 相似文献
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介绍了数字图像压缩的一种新的思维方法,即在将给定的图像块根据纹理特征分为平滑块、斜面块、曲面块、边缘块后,在基于不同多项式对不同类图像块分别进行处理的过程中,对于包含大量高频信息的边缘块,通过提取边缘轮廓位置信息,减少图像块内的高频信息量,而后再对被边缘轮廓分割的新图像块进行分类、处理:由于把图像边缘轮廓的大部分高频信息分解于边沿信息中,因此提高压缩比时不会丢失太多高频细节,减少了物体的边界噪声和可见的图块边界,从而在相同压缩比的前提下,更加保证了图像的视觉效果。文章中给出了此种方法的理论公式、推导过程以及整个实现过程,并通过实例比较了此方法与二维离散余弦变换在图像压缩中的性能差异。 相似文献
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Significant faulting and deformation of the ground surface has been rarely known during volcanic eruptions. Usu Volcano, Hokkaido, Japan, is a unique example of deformation due to felsic magma intrusion. Usu Volcano has a history of such types of eruptions as phreatic, pumice eruption (Plinian type), pyroclastic flowing and lava doming since 1663. On March 31, 2000, phreatomagmatic to phreatic eruptions took place after 23 years of dormancy in the western piedmont, followed by explosions on the western flank of Usu Volcano. They were associated with significant deformation including faulting and uplift. The eruptions and deformation were continuing up to the end of May 2000.We identified the faulting using total nine sets of aerial photographs taken from before the eruption (March 31, 2000) to more than 1 year (April 27, 2001) after the end of the activity, and traced deformation processes through image processing using aerial photographs. We found that some of the new faults and the associated phreatic eruptions were related to old faults formed during the 1977–1981 eruptive episode.The image processing has revealed that the surface deformation is coincident with the area of faulting forming small grabens and the phreatic explosion vents. However, the faulting and main explosive eruptions did not take place in the highest uplift area, but along the margin. This suggests that the faulting and explosive activities were affected by small feeder channels diverging from the main magma body which caused the highest uplift. 相似文献
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利用SPOT和ETM+影像进行县级土地利用调查--以河北省万全县为例 总被引:7,自引:0,他引:7
本文以SPOT和ETM 影像作为主要信息源,经过对图像进行几何纠正、配准、增强和融合等一系列处理后,在ARCVIEW GIS基础上,成功完成了对河北省万全县土地资源利用情况的调查分析。同时还对应用遥感技术成功获取土地资源利用信息的方法和技术进行了探讨。 相似文献
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Norman A. Andresen 《Journal of Paleolimnology》2003,30(4):461-464
Image enhancement provides a means to facilitate information transfer without altering the image information. A plug-in for the commonly used image capture and manipulation program Photoshop is discussed as one useful tool. 相似文献